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British taxation and efforts to strengthen imperial control after 1763 provoked colonial resistance, especially because the colonies lacked representation in Parliament.
The American Revolution was a political movement in the Thirteen Colonies that began in response to increased British control and taxation after the French and Indian War. Colonists objected to measures such as the Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, and Tea Act, arguing that taxation without colonial representation violated their rights as English subjects. Resistance grew through protests, boycotts, the Sons of Liberty, the Boston Tea Party, and the Continental Congresses. British efforts to suppress opposition led to the Battles of Lexington and Concord in 1775 and the beginning of the Revolutionary War. The Second Continental Congress organized the Continental Army under George Washington and adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The war continued until the Continental Army, supported by France and Spain, defeated British forces at Yorktown in 1781. Britain formally recognized American independence in the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The Revolution resulted in the creation of the United States as a federal republic founded on principles of natural rights, consent of the governed, and equality under the law, although political participation and equality remained limited by contemporary standards.
British taxation and efforts to strengthen imperial control after 1763 provoked colonial resistance, especially because the colonies lacked representation in Parliament.
The Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4, 1776, while George Washington commanded the Continental Army.
The American victory at Yorktown in 1781 led to British negotiations and recognition of United States sovereignty in the Treaty of Paris in 1783.
The Revolution established the United States and influenced the development of constitutional government, federalism, and ideas of natural rights.
The British North American colonies that united in resistance and became the original United States.
A 1765 British law imposing a direct tax on printed materials in the colonies and provoking widespread opposition.
Colonial resistance groups that organized protests and opposition to British policies and taxation.
A representative body that coordinated colonial resistance, directed the war effort, and declared independence.
The 1776 document in which the colonies announced their separation from Britain and justified it through natural-rights principles.
The colonial army established by the Second Continental Congress and commanded by George Washington.
The 1781 American and French victory that effectively ended major fighting in the Revolutionary War.
The 1783 agreement in which Britain recognized the independence and sovereignty of the United States.
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