Robotics: Design, Construction, and Control

Robotics as an Interdisciplinary Field

Robotics is an interdisciplinary field concerned with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots. It combines mechanical engineering, electrical and control engineering, computer science, artificial intelligence, and sensing technologies. A complete robotic system typically includes a power source, mechanical structure, control system, and software. These elements work together to enable robots to move, perceive their surroundings, make decisions, and perform tasks through actuators and end effectors. Robotics supports applications in agriculture, manufacturing, construction, medicine, domestic work, logistics, military operations, mining, transportation, and space exploration. Researchers develop diverse forms of locomotion and manipulation, including wheeled, tracked, walking, flying, swimming, climbing, and humanoid robots. The field also emphasizes human–robot interaction, adaptive control, biomimetic design, and artificial intelligence. While robotics can improve productivity, safety, precision, and access to hazardous environments, it may also displace workers and create social and economic challenges.

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Four Core Aspects of Robot Design

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