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The Ottoman state was founded in northwestern Anatolia around 1299 by Osman I.
The Ottoman Empire originated in northwestern Anatolia around 1299, during the decline of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum. Anatolia was divided among several independent Turkish principalities known as beyliks, while the Byzantine Empire still controlled territories along the frontier. Osman I, the leader of one beylik in the Bithynia region, established the principality from which the Ottoman dynasty took its name. His followers included Turkoman tribesmen and Byzantine renegades, and the early state expanded by capturing Byzantine towns along the Sakarya River.
The Ottoman state was founded in northwestern Anatolia around 1299 by Osman I.
It emerged from the political fragmentation of Anatolia after the decline of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum.
Early Ottoman expansion focused on Byzantine frontier towns and was aided by a Byzantine defeat at the Battle of Bapheus in 1302.
Osman's son Orhan captured Bursa in 1326 and made it the first major Ottoman capital.
The early Ottomans later expanded from Anatolia into the Balkans, transforming a small principality into a transcontinental empire.
The region of western Asia that corresponds largely to modern-day Turkey and served as the Ottoman Empire's birthplace.
A small independent Turkish principality that emerged in Anatolia after the decline of Seljuk authority.
The Turkoman leader who founded the Ottoman principality around 1299.
A northwestern Anatolian region near the Byzantine frontier where the early Ottoman state developed.
A 1302 Ottoman victory over Byzantine forces that strengthened Osman's position and supported further expansion.
The northwestern Anatolian city captured by Orhan in 1326 and established as an early Ottoman capital.
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