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Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of dementia, accounting for about 60–70% of cases.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. It typically begins after age 65, with early symptoms often involving difficulty remembering recent events. As the disease advances, people may develop language problems, disorientation (including getting lost), mood and behavioral changes, and increasing loss of independence, eventually leading to death. Diagnosis is based on clinical history and cognitive testing, with medical imaging and blood tests used to rule out other causes; definitive confirmation requires post-mortem examination of characteristic brain changes (amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles).
Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of dementia, accounting for about 60–70% of cases.
Worldwide prevalence is about 50 million people living with Alzheimer’s disease (2020), affecting roughly 6% of people aged 65 and older, and it is more common in women.
The disease is usually diagnosed clinically (with cognitive testing and exclusion of other causes), while definitive diagnosis requires post-mortem histological confirmation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
A syndrome of progressive cognitive decline that interferes with daily functioning, with Alzheimer’s disease being the most common cause.
A progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, leading to worsening memory and other cognitive impairments.
Extracellular deposits of misfolded amyloid beta protein in the brain that are characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease.
Intracellular accumulations of abnormal tau protein in neurons, another hallmark pathology of Alzheimer’s disease.
A stage of cognitive decline that is greater than expected for normal aging but not severe enough to meet dementia criteria, sometimes a prodrome to Alzheimer’s disease.
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