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Calcium’s periodic-table placement: atomic number 20, group 2 (alkaline earth metals), period 4, s-block.
Calcium (Ca) is the chemical element with atomic number 20 and is placed in the periodic table in group 2, the alkaline earth metals, in period 4. Its electron configuration is [Ar]4s2, meaning it has two valence electrons in the outer s-orbital. In chemical reactions, calcium typically loses these two electrons to form a stable Ca2+ ion (most commonly producing divalent, usually ionic compounds).
Calcium’s periodic-table placement: atomic number 20, group 2 (alkaline earth metals), period 4, s-block.
Its valence structure ([Ar]4s2) explains why calcium most often forms Ca2+ and is usually divalent in compounds.
Calcium’s identity is also reflected by its characteristic properties and typical chemistry shared with heavier group 2 elements (strontium, barium, radium).
The defining features of an element, such as its symbol and atomic number, which determine its position and behavior in the periodic table.
An element’s location in the periodic table (group, period, and block), which correlates with its electron configuration and typical chemical properties.
A periodic-table column whose elements commonly form divalent cations due to having two valence electrons.
Electrons in the outermost shell that largely determine an element’s bonding and typical oxidation states.
The most common ionic form of calcium formed by losing its two outer s electrons, leading to typical divalent chemistry.
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