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Anesthesia is a controlled, temporary loss of sensation and/or awareness induced for medical or veterinary procedures.
Anesthesia is a medically (or veterinary) induced, controlled, temporary state in which a person or animal loses sensation and/or awareness. It is achieved with anesthetic drugs and may include analgesia (pain relief or prevention), paralysis or muscle relaxation, amnesia (loss of memory), and unconsciousness. A person receiving anesthetic drugs is described as being “anesthetized,” and anesthesia makes procedures possible without the physical restraint that would otherwise be required, or when such procedures would be technically difficult. The purpose of anesthesia is to reach specific procedural endpoints with the least risk to the patient. These core goals are hypnosis (temporary loss of consciousness and memory), analgesia (reduced or absent pain and blunted autonomic reflexes), and muscle relaxation. Different anesthesia types influence these endpoints differently: general anesthesia suppresses central nervous system activity to produce unconsciousness and total lack of sensation; sedation reduces anxiety and can cause amnesia without full unconsciousness; and regional/local techniques block nerve impulse transmission from a targeted body area, sometimes used alone and sometimes combined with general anesthesia or sedation. Clinicians select drugs and techniques based on the required endpoints for the procedure and the patient’s health status.
Anesthesia is a controlled, temporary loss of sensation and/or awareness induced for medical or veterinary procedures.
Its purpose is to achieve required endpoints—hypnosis, analgesia, and muscle relaxation—with the lowest risk possible.
Different anesthesia techniques affect endpoints differently: general (unconsciousness/complete sensation loss), sedation (less CNS suppression, anxiety reduction, amnesia), and regional/local (nerve impulse blockade).
A controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness induced for medical or veterinary purposes, often including analgesia, muscle relaxation, amnesia, and/or unconsciousness.
A temporary loss of consciousness and associated loss of memory produced by anesthetic drugs.
Relief from or prevention of pain, often accompanied by blunting of autonomic reflexes.
Loss of memory caused by anesthetic effects on brain processes involved in memory formation.
Anesthesia that blocks nerve impulse transmission from a specific body region, sometimes used alone or combined with sedation or general anesthesia.
Numbing of a limited area by direct application or infiltration by the clinician, such as for dental work.
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