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Electricity is defined as phenomena arising from electric charge and the motion of charged matter, and it is unified with magnetism under electromagnetism (Maxwell’s equations).
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has electric charge. It is closely connected with magnetism, since moving charge (an electric current) produces a magnetic field, and the two are unified within electromagnetism as described by Maxwell’s equations. Observable effects of electricity include lightning, static electricity, electric heating, and electric discharges. Within its scope, electricity is explained through key concepts such as electric fields (produced by charges), electric current (motion of charge carriers), and electric potential (work done to move a charge within an electric field). In most practical situations, Coulomb’s law describes the force between charged particles. Electricity is central to modern technology: it powers electrical energy systems using electric current to energize equipment and underpins electronics, which uses electrical circuits with active components (e.g., transistors, diodes, integrated circuits) and passive interconnections. It also supports communication and computation through electromagnetic waves, and it is produced, transmitted, stored, and applied across transport, lighting, heating/cooling, and industry.
Electricity is defined as phenomena arising from electric charge and the motion of charged matter, and it is unified with magnetism under electromagnetism (Maxwell’s equations).
Core quantities include electric field, electric current, and electric potential; forces are commonly described by Coulomb’s law.
Electricity has broad technological scope, powering energy systems and enabling electronics and electromagnetic-wave-based communication and computation.
A property of matter (and antimatter) that gives rise to electric forces and produces electric fields.
The movement of electric charge through a material or circuit, measured in amperes.
A region of space produced by electric charge that exerts forces on other charges.
The work done per unit charge to move a charge between two points in an electric field, typically measured in volts.
The rate at which electric energy is transferred by an electric circuit, measured in watts.
A propagating disturbance in which time-varying electric and magnetic fields induce each other, carrying energy through space.
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