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The hippocampus is a major component of the limbic system and is located in the medial temporal lobe of the brain. In humans, it lies within the hippocampal formation (including the dentate gyrus and subiculum) and is positioned so that it elevates into the floor of each lateral ventricle’s inferior horn. Anatomically, the hippocampus is an inward fold of three-layered archicortex (allocortex) that runs along an anterior–posterior axis, stretching from near the amygdala toward the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is also closely associated with nearby limbic structures, such as the parahippocampal gyrus (which conceals it) and the entorhinal cortex, which provides major input to the hippocampus.
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