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The brain is the central organ of the nervous system and part of the CNS along with the spinal cord.
The brain is the central organ of the human nervous system and, together with the spinal cord, forms the central nervous system (CNS). It is composed of three major parts—the cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum—and it controls and coordinates most body activities by processing, integrating, and directing information received from the sensory nervous system to the rest of the body. The cerebrum is the largest component and includes two cerebral hemispheres, each with an outer cerebral cortex (gray matter) and an inner core of white matter. The cortex is organized into lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital) with specialized roles such as executive functions and reasoning (frontal lobe) and vision (occipital lobe). The hemispheres communicate via commissural tracts, especially the corpus callosum, and the brainstem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord. The cerebellum supports coordination and balance, while the brain is protected by the skull, suspended in cerebrospinal fluid, and shielded from the bloodstream by the blood–brain barrier. Brain function depends on vast neural interconnections and neurotransmission, and the brain is vulnerable to injury, stroke, degenerative diseases, infections, tumors, and psychiatric or neurological dysfunctions.
The brain is the central organ of the nervous system and part of the CNS along with the spinal cord.
It is divided into cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum, which coordinate sensory processing, body control, and movement/balance.
The cerebrum’s cortex (gray matter) and white matter are organized into lobes with specialized functions, and the hemispheres communicate mainly through the corpus callosum.
Neural activity relies on neuron interconnections and neurotransmission, and the brain is protected by skull, cerebrospinal fluid, and the blood–brain barrier.
The brain can be affected by trauma, stroke, degenerative disorders, infections, tumors, and psychiatric conditions.
The major division of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
The largest part of the brain, containing the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebral cortex that supports higher functions and sensory-motor processing.
A brain region made of the midbrain, pons, and medulla that connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord and regulates essential functions.
A brain structure involved in coordinating complex movements and maintaining balance.
The outer layer of the cerebrum composed of gray matter organized into functional regions and cortical layers.
Brain tissue rich in myelinated axons that connects different brain regions.
The largest commissural tract that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
The process by which neurons communicate via neurotransmitters released at synapses to drive brain activity.
A protective barrier that limits what substances can pass from the bloodstream into the brain.
A clear fluid that circulates around the brain and spinal cord, cushioning and supporting them within protective spaces.
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