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The brain is the central organ of the nervous system and part of the CNS along with the spinal cord.
The brain is the central organ of the nervous system and, together with the spinal cord, forms the central nervous system (CNS). It is composed of three main parts—the cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum. The brain processes, integrates, and coordinates information received from the sensory nervous system and uses this information to control most body activities by sending instructions to the rest of the body. Structurally, the cerebrum is the largest portion and is divided into two cerebral hemispheres. Each hemisphere contains white matter in its inner core and grey matter on its outer surface (the cerebral cortex). The cortex includes the neocortex and allocortex, and the hemispheres are organized into lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital) with specialized roles such as executive functions and vision. The hemispheres are connected by commissural tracts, especially the corpus callosum, while the brainstem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord and supports essential functions like breathing and eye movement control. The brain is protected by the skull and suspended in cerebrospinal fluid, with additional protection from the blood–brain barrier, but it remains vulnerable to injury, stroke, disease, and infection.
The brain is the central organ of the nervous system and part of the CNS along with the spinal cord.
The brain has three major components: cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum, each with distinct roles in processing and coordinating body functions.
The cerebrum is organized into two hemispheres with a cortex of grey matter and internal white matter, further divided into lobes with specialized functions.
The hemispheres communicate through commissural tracts, especially the corpus callosum, and the brainstem connects the brain to the spinal cord.
The brain is protected by the skull, cerebrospinal fluid, and the blood–brain barrier, but can still be damaged by trauma, stroke, and various disorders.
The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord and is responsible for processing and coordinating information in the body.
The largest part of the brain, divided into two hemispheres, and responsible for many higher functions through its cortex and lobes.
The outer layer of the cerebrum made of grey matter arranged in layers, containing regions specialized for different functions.
A structure beneath the cerebrum made of the midbrain, pons, and medulla that connects the brain to the spinal cord and supports essential life functions.
A brain region connected to the brainstem that helps coordinate complex motor movements and supports balance.
The largest commissural tract connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
A protective barrier that helps isolate the brain from the bloodstream and limits harmful substances from entering brain tissue.
A clear fluid produced in the ventricular system that circulates around and within the brain, cushioning it and supporting internal fluid balance.
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