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Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction in which the nucleus of a heavy atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei, called fission products. The process may occur spontaneously or be induced, commonly when a fissile nucleus such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239 absorbs a neutron. Fission usually releases additional neutrons, gamma radiation, and a very large amount of energy, primarily as the kinetic energy of the fission fragments. Because the released neutrons can trigger further fission reactions, nuclear fission can produce a chain reaction. Controlled chain reactions are used in nuclear reactors, while uncontrolled reactions can occur in nuclear weapons. Fission is also a form of nuclear transmutation because the resulting nuclei are different elements from the original nucleus.
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