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Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants (and other photosynthetic organisms) make their own food using sunlight. In plant cells, chlorophyll in chloroplasts captures light energy and uses it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (a sugar used for energy and growth). During this process, oxygen is released as a waste product. Overall, photosynthesis uses light energy to drive chemical reactions. In the light-dependent reactions, sunlight splits water (photolysis), producing oxygen, energized electrons, and ATP/NADPH. In the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle), carbon dioxide is used along with ATP and NADPH to build glucose. The glucose can be used immediately in respiration to release energy, stored as starch, or converted into other compounds for growth and reproduction.
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