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The Renaissance is variously dated: traditionally the 15th–16th centuries, or more broadly the 14th–17th centuries.
The Renaissance was a European cultural and historical period that began at the end of the Late Middle Ages and the start of the early modern era. It is commonly defined in different ways: either as covering the 15th and 16th centuries, or more broadly as lasting from the 14th century to the 17th century. It is associated with a European “rediscovery and revival” of the literary, philosophical, and artistic achievements of classical antiquity, and it brought major changes in art, architecture, politics, literature, exploration, and technology. Its timing is not uniform across Europe. In Italy, the Renaissance is conventionally said to end with the waning of humanism and the onset of major upheavals such as the Reformation (1517), the Sack of Rome (1527), or the Counter-Reformation (1545), along with the transition to the Baroque in art. Some historians argue for a “long Renaissance,” extending beyond these conventional endpoints into the 17th century (especially outside Italy). In addition, traces of Renaissance developments appear earlier in Italy, with early influences visible in the late 13th century (e.g., Dante and Giotto).
The Renaissance is variously dated: traditionally the 15th–16th centuries, or more broadly the 14th–17th centuries.
In Italy, it is conventionally considered to end around the early-to-mid 1500s with events like 1517 (Reformation), 1527 (Sack of Rome), or 1545 (Counter-Reformation) and the shift toward Baroque art.
Some historians propose a “long Renaissance,” extending into the 17th century, and early traces appear in Italy as early as the late 13th century.
The historical period immediately preceding the Renaissance, conventionally dated around the mid-14th to early 16th centuries in the provided context.
The historical era that follows the Late Middle Ages and overlaps with the Renaissance’s timeframe.
The Renaissance as it developed in Italy, beginning in the late Middle Ages and conventionally ending in the early-to-mid 1500s with major religious and political turning points.
A historiographical view that extends Renaissance developments beyond the conventional end date, often into the 17th century outside Italy.
A major religious rupture beginning in 1517 that is used as one conventional marker for the Renaissance’s decline in Italy.
A major event in 1527 used as another conventional marker for the waning of the Renaissance in Italy.
The Catholic response beginning in 1545, used as a conventional endpoint for the Renaissance in Italy.
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