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Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech, using software or hardware speech synthesizers.
Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech. A computer system that performs this task is called a speech synthesizer, and it can be implemented in either software or hardware. In particular, text-to-speech (TTS) systems convert normal language text into spoken output, while other speech-synthesis systems can render symbolic linguistic representations (such as phonetic transcriptions) into sound. Speech synthesizers can generate speech in different ways. One common approach is to concatenate segments of recorded speech stored in a database, where the choice and size of stored units (e.g., phones or diphones versus whole words/sentences) affect the trade-off between output range and clarity. Another approach is to model the vocal tract and other human voice characteristics to produce a more fully synthetic voice. Overall quality is judged by how natural the output sounds and how intelligible it is. A typical TTS system is organized into two parts: a front-end and a back-end. The front-end normalizes text (e.g., expanding symbols like numbers and abbreviations), converts text to phonetic transcriptions (grapheme-to-phoneme or text-to-phoneme conversion), and assigns prosodic structure such as phrases, clauses, and sentences. The back-end (the synthesizer) then converts this symbolic representation into audio, sometimes also computing target prosody such as pitch contour and phoneme durations before producing the final speech waveform.
Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech, using software or hardware speech synthesizers.
Text-to-speech (TTS) converts written text into speech, while other systems can convert symbolic linguistic representations (e.g., phonetic transcriptions) into sound.
Typical TTS systems use a front-end (text normalization, phoneme/prosody assignment) and a back-end (audio generation from symbolic representations).
The artificial production of human speech.
A software or hardware system that produces speech, typically by converting symbolic linguistic information into audio.
A system that converts normal language text into spoken output.
The part of a TTS system that normalizes text, performs text-to-phoneme conversion, and assigns prosodic structure.
The part of a TTS system that converts the front-end’s symbolic representation into sound, often including prosody realization.
The process of converting raw text containing symbols (like numbers and abbreviations) into their written-out word equivalents.
The process of assigning phonetic transcriptions to words based on the input text.
Rhythmic and intonational features of speech such as phrasing and pitch patterns.
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