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The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) is a standardized English-language proficiency examination developed and administered by Educational Testing Service (ETS). It is designed primarily for non-native English speakers who wish to study at English-speaking universities and is accepted by thousands of colleges, agencies, and institutions worldwide. The test measures academic English abilities in reading, listening, speaking, and writing, with tasks based on university-level situations and materials. The main format is the TOEFL iBT, which can be taken at authorized test centers or in an approved home edition. The iBT includes four sections, each scored from 0 to 30, producing a total score from 0 to 120; scores are generally valid for two years. A paper-delivered version is available in locations where internet-based testing is not accessible, although it does not provide an overall score. TOEFL results are used as one factor in admissions and may have different minimum requirements depending on the institution or academic program.
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The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) is a standardized assessment of English proficiency for non-native speakers seeking admission to English-speaking universities and other institutions. It was developed in response to the need for a consistent way to evaluate international students’ English abilities. A national council representing 30 government and private organizations recommended the test for the 1963–1965 period, and it was initially developed at the Center for Applied Linguistics under Stanford applied linguist Charles A. Ferguson. The first TOEFL administration took place in 1964 through the Modern Language Association, supported by grants from the Ford Foundation and Danforth Foundation.
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