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Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy by making glucose (food) from carbon dioxide and water, while releasing oxygen.
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants (and other photosynthetic organisms) convert light energy into chemical energy stored in food molecules. Using sunlight, water absorbed by roots, and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, plant cells containing chlorophyll produce glucose (and starch) while releasing oxygen. In this way, photosynthesis provides the energy and building materials needed for growth, reproduction, and cellular respiration. The conversion of light energy to chemical energy happens in two main phases. In the light-dependent reactions, sunlight absorbed by chlorophyll in chloroplasts splits water (photolysis), producing oxygen as a waste product and generating energy carriers such as ATP and NADPH. In the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle), carbon dioxide is used along with ATP and NADPH to build sugars like glucose, which can then be transported around the plant. Photosynthesis rate depends on factors such as light intensity, carbon dioxide availability, and temperature, since enzymes involved work best at optimum conditions.
Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy by making glucose (food) from carbon dioxide and water, while releasing oxygen.
Light-dependent reactions capture sunlight to split water and produce ATP and NADPH; light-independent reactions use ATP and NADPH to build sugars from carbon dioxide.
Photosynthesis rate is influenced by light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature (enzyme activity).
The green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy to drive photosynthesis.
The light-driven splitting of water molecules during the light-dependent reactions.
A molecule that stores and transfers energy produced during the light-dependent reactions.
An energy-carrying molecule formed in the light-dependent reactions that is used to help build sugars in the Calvin cycle.
The set of reactions that uses carbon dioxide plus ATP and NADPH to produce glucose and other carbohydrates.
Small openings in leaves that allow carbon dioxide to enter by diffusion.
The transport of sugars made in photosynthesis to other parts of the plant.
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